Hydraulic fluids are specially engineered liquids used to transmit power, manage heat, and lubricate moving parts in hydraulic systems across industries such as automotive, aerospace, construction, and manufacturing. Ideal hydraulic fluids are non-compressible, thermally stable, lubricating, and compatible with system materials to maintain efficiency, safety, and component longevity. They also help control contamination, reduce foaming, and protect against wear and corrosion.
Types of hydraulic fluids include mineral oil–based, synthetic, water-based, fire-resistant, and biodegradable bio-based formulas. Each type is tailored for applications ranging from high-pressure machinery and aircraft systems to environmentally sensitive operations. While these fluids enhance system performance, they also bring challenges: choosing the right fluid for specific conditions, ensuring regular maintenance to avoid degradation, managing environmental and safety risks—especially under high pressure—and handling potential hazards in case of fluid injection or leakage.